[24], Linen was also an important product in the American colonies, where it was brought over with the first settlers and became the most commonly used fabric and a valuable asset for colonial households. Flax is an annual plant, which means it … After harvesting, the plants are dried, and the seeds are removed through a mechanized process called “rippling” (threshing) and winnowing. Flax and hemp are the most commonly available bast fibers prepared for spinning. Linen is especially popular for suits worn in tropical climates. In recent years bulk linen production has moved to Eastern Europe and China, but high-quality fabrics are still confined to niche producers in Ireland, Italy and Belgium, and also in countries including Poland, Austria, France, Germany, Sweden, Denmark, Belarus, Lithuania, Latvia, the Netherlands, Spain, Switzerland, Britain and Kochi in India. In a process called rippling, a machine removes the seeds. Some of these fabrics, woven from hand-spun yarns, were very fine for their day, but are coarse compared with modern linen. It was also worn as clothing on a daily basis; white linen was worn because of the extreme heat. Linen (/ˈlɪnən/) is a textile made from the fibers of the flax plant. After the fibers have been separated and processed, they are typically spun into yarns and woven or knit into linen textiles. In China, the English Cotton system unit, NeC, is common. This is particularly important for hemp, whose fruits are used as drugs … It is strong yet comfortable to wear in warm weather. Approximately 70% of linen production in the 1990s was for apparel textiles, whereas in the 1970s only about 5% was used for fashion fabrics. In ancient Egypt, linen was used for mummification and for burial shrouds. Flax fibers can usually be identified by their “nodes” which add to the flexibility and texture of the fabric. Textile School incorporates knowledge associated to textiles right from fibers to its end usage including textile processes, trade-offs, know-how and textile standards. For other uses, see. The flax fibers are separated into smaller bundles called hands, which are hackled, or combed, and arranged into ribbons of long fibers. Linen is a textile made from the fibers of the flax plant. Linen is a bast fiber. Flax. [33], In Judaism, the only law concerning which fabrics may be interwoven together in clothing concerns the mixture of linen and wool, called shaatnez; it is restricted in Deuteronomy 22:11 "Thou shalt not wear a mingled stuff, wool and linen together" and Leviticus 19:19, "...neither shall there come upon thee a garment of two kinds of stuff mingled together." This wear can show up in collars, hems, and any area that is iron creased during laundering. Jamieson, Fausset, Brown commentary, Lv. What's in a Flax Fiber? The answer to your question is yes hemp and flax are processed the same way. Because of its strength when wet, Irish linen is a very popular wrap of pool/billiard cues, due to its absorption of sweat from hands. [37][full citation needed] Others explain that it is because God often forbids mixtures of disparate kinds, not designed by God to be compatible in a certain way, with mixing animal and vegetable fibers being similar to having two different types of plowing animals yoked together; also, such commands serve both a practical as well as allegorical purpose, perhaps here preventing a priestly garment that would cause discomfort (or excessive sweat) in a hot climate. The flax plants we use are grown in Belgium and require little or no irrigation, pesticides or fertilizers. In the United States cotton is popularly used instead, as linen is many times more expensive there, restricting its use to professional painters. Other sources lay claim to the earliest usage of flax to be in the Stone Age. It has been found in ancient tombs and was used in burial shrouds for Egyptian pharaohs. [18] The linen on this mummy is also in a perfect state of preservation. The symbol is NeL. The stem consists essentially of a central woody core and a surrounding cortex which contains the flax or bast fibers. Linen is a bast fiber. This region has the history and capacity to grow the same high-quality flax (linen) and hemp fiber available in current markets. June 3, 2016 - 7:58 am . It has been used for several thousand years in China. A Missed Opportunity to Learn from Failure, Tips For Looking After Organic Cotton Clothes. Over the past 30 years the end use for linen has changed dramatically. Linen’s association with bedding and the origin of the word comes from the fiber’s close association with throws, bed sheets and ropes since … (2011). 5263 bast fibres from the core and converting these fibres into individual fibres. Coir or Coconut Fiber – the natural, seed fiber, Hair Fibers alpaca, llama, cashmere, mohair, camel, Distribution of Grade or Wool Fiber Diameter, Study on application of reduced Graphene Oxide on cotton…, Micro-encapsulation/Odor Control and Stain resistant…, 13 Questions To Ask While Choosing The Perfect Winter…, How to Choose a Sewing Machine: Top Tips for a Newbie…, Importance of Air Permeability/Fabric porous structure in…, Removing the Fabric from Schiffli Embroidery Machine, Weeding Out Negatives and Implementing Positives, Narrow Fabrics – tapes, braids, and webbings. Linen is a natural plant fiber that comes from the inner bark of flax stems, called the bast. Apparel made of linen is usually designed for warm weather use, high fashion aspects, or professional wear. This process, called retting, helps loosen the fibers from the core of the stalk. Now that the fibers are loosened, the next step is scutching – breaking and beating the flax to remove the woody stalk and bark. Hemp takes dye beautifully. The bast fibers are gained from the vegetative part of the plant: stems of flax, linen or hemp plants. The word linen comes from the Latin word for flax, linum. The fibres support the conductive cells of the phloem and provide strength to the stem. The word linen comes from the Latin name for flax. In addition, flax thread is not elastic, and therefore it is difficult to weave without breaking threads. Bamboo is a natural fiber that can be processed either as a naturally occurring bast fiber (bamboo linen) or a regenerated manufactured fiber (bamboo rayon/viscose or lyocell). This is achieved through retting. The couche is heavily dusted with flour which is rubbed into the pores of the fabric. Fibrevolution is reviving the fiber flax industry in Oregon after 50 years. Reply to comment. Ramie is another common bast fiber. [34] First-century Romano-Jewish historian Josephus suggested that the reason for the prohibition was to keep the laity from wearing the official garb of the priests,[35][full citation needed][36] while medieval Sephardic Jewish philosopher Maimonides thought that the reason was that heathen priests wore such mixed garments. Linen is the best known of the bast fibers and is derived from the flax plant, which is harvested when it turns light brown. The fibers are woven into the fabric, then finished by bleaching, dying, or printing. Bast Fiber. Known as a couche, the flax cloth is used to hold the dough into shape while in the final rise, just before baking. The composition of linen is cellulose. However, the very finest linen has very consistent diameter threads, with no slubs at all. Garments made of linen are desirable in hot and humid climates. 19:19. lining. This is a specific length therefore an indirect measurement of the fineness of the linen, i.e., the number of length units per unit mass. The site is intended for all spectrum of users to learn and share the textile knowledge from a single platform. New York, NY: Facts On File, 1990. [39] It was once the preferred yarn for hand-sewing the uppers of moccasin-style shoes (loafers), but has been replaced by synthetics. Bast fibre (also called phloem fibre or skin fibre) is plant fibre collected from the phloem (the "inner bark", sometimes called "skin") or bast surrounding the stem of certain dicotyledonous plants.It supports the conductive cells of the phloem and provides strength to the stem. When the Edict of Nantes was revoked in 1685, many of the Huguenots who fled France settled in the British Isles and elsewhere. [31] Through the 1830s, most farmers in the northern United States continued to grow flax for linen to be used for the family's clothing. However, in the case of many present-day linen fabrics, particularly in the decorative furnishing industry, slubs are considered as part of the aesthetic appeal of an expensive natural product. Many products can be made with linen: aprons, bags, towels (swimming, bath, beach, body and wash towels), napkins, bed linens, tablecloths, runners, chair covers, and men's and women's wear. A blend of linen, rayon and linen, cotton in a variety of bright and iridescent colors. [26] Among them was Louis Crommelin, a leader who was appointed overseer of the royal linen manufacture of Ireland. Linen is a flax-based textile that is predominantly used for homeware applications. An alternate production method is known as “cottonizing” which is quicker and requires less equipment. Everything You Need to Know About Using and Caring for Linen", "How quickly do fashion materials biodegrade? [1], There are many references to linen throughout the Bible, reflecting the textile's entrenched presence in human cultures. Next the fibers are heckled: the short fibers are separated with heckling combs by 'combing' them away, to leave behind only the long, soft flax fibers. Susana K. September 30, 2011 - 12:09 pm . Linen is also used extensively by artisan bakers. Publisher - a knowledge-base repository of textile articles. It also has other distinctive characteristics, notably its tendency to wrinkle. [10] To the southwest, in ancient Mesopotamia, flax was domesticated and linen was produced. Linen fibres, like other bast fibres, are obtained from the phloem, or inner bark (or skin) of a plant. While linen is similar to cotton, it is made from fibers derived from the stems of the flax plant instead of the bolls that grow around cotton seeds. A characteristic often associated with linen yarn is the presence of slubs, or small, soft, irregular lumps, which occur randomly along its length. Flax is planted in spring. For example, a yarn having a size of 1 lea will give 300 yards per pound. Flax is grown in many parts of the world, but top quality flax is primarily grown in Western European countries and Ukraine. Revitalizing Regional Fiber Flax . This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. It’s also used in handkerchiefs, and fine fashions – everything from dresses to suits. Linen shares many of the advantages of cotton. The fibres support the conductive cells of the phloem and provide strength to the stem. [41] Conversely, some brands such as 100% Capri specially treat the linen to look like denim.[42]. Linen fabric feels cool to touch, a phenomenon which indicates its higher conductivity (the same principle that makes metals feel "cold"). Dyed flax fibers found in a cave in Southeastern Europe (present-day Georgia) suggest the use of woven linen fabrics from wild flax may date back over 30,000 years. Nevertheless, the tendency to wrinkle is often considered part of linen's particular "charm", and many modern linen garments are designed to be air-dried on a good clothes hanger and worn without the necessity of ironing. [38][full citation needed]. Linen uses range across bed and bath fabrics (tablecloths, bath towels, dish towels, bed sheets); home and commercial furnishing items (wallpaper/wall coverings, upholstery, window treatments); apparel items (suits, dresses, skirts, shirts); and industrial products (luggage, canvases, sewing thread). Flax (Linum usitatissimum) is a bast plant.The term bast refers to the soft fibers produced in the plant stems as part of the phloem tissue. we believe in the economic and environmental viability of bast fibers. Linen is laborious to manufacture, but the fiber is very strong, absorbent and dries faster than cotton. [43] United States currency paper is made from 25% linen and 75% cotton.[44]. Harvesting flax is mostly done by hand. FLAX is used to produce linen. The quality of the finished linen product is often dependent upon growing conditions and harvesting techniques. Warping Systems and Selvedges and it’s types, Industrial enzymes in textile production and application, An exclusive information portal on textiles. A linen handkerchief, pressed and folded to display the corners, was a standard decoration of a well-dressed man's suit during most of the first part of the 20th century. [5], People in various parts of the world began weaving linen at least several thousand years ago. [11] It was used mainly by the wealthier class of the society, including priests. Linen is more expensive than cotton and high-quality linen is considered a luxury fabric. Thus linen is considerably more expensive to manufacture than cotton. In the past, slubs were traditionally considered to be defects, and were associated with low-quality linen. [6], The discovery of dyed flax fibers in a cave in Southeastern Europe (present-day Georgia) dated to 36,000 years ago suggests that ancient people used wild flax fibers to create linen-like fabrics from an early date. View reliable Bast Fiber Fabric manufacturers on Made-in-China.com. It has been found in ancient tombs and was used in burial shrouds for Egyptian pharaohs. Excellent strength gains strength when wet, Hydrophilic: absorbs water and dries quickly, Withstands very high temperatures when washing and ironing, Unique texture from the thick-and-thin pattern of the fibers, Interiors: tablecloths, napkins, wallpaper, Linen has been used for clothing for at least ten thousand years, Similar to cotton in its properties (both are natural, cellulosic fibers), Linen fibers have a silky luster and a cool feel, Fibers are in the stem of a plant (therefore called a “bast” fiber), Long fibers from 6 to 20 inches make linen even smoother than cotton, Conducts heat away from the body better than cotton, Linen is a bast fiber from the flax plant, The fibers are harvested primarily by hand. Note: Although bast fibers are cellulosic, not all cellulose fibers are bast. [21] Flax was cultivated and linen used for clothing in Ireland by the 11th century. Textile Bast Fiber Fabric Linen & Flax Fabric (3,422) Ramie Fabric (607) Jute Fabric (352) Other Bast Fiber Fabrics (327) Hemp Fabric (218) Certification Oeko-Tex Standard 100 (1,249) Intertek Eco-Certification (735) Weight It is a bast fiber, which means it comes from the stem of a plant. Bast, also known as phloem fiber, is produced from the inner bark, or bast, portion of the stem of certain plants. There are also chemical retting methods; these are faster, but are typically more harmful to the environment and to the fibers themselves. "Bast fibers are typically coarse natural fibers, meaning they aren't going to be super soft initially," says Sarah Wang, the head of research and development with Tricol-Everplush. Online Etymology Dictionary. It is also found in wall coverings, drapery, and upholstery fabric. Bast fibre, soft, woody fibre obtained from stems of dicotyledonous plants (flowering plants with net-veined leaves) and used for textiles and cordage. [12] The Sumerian poem of the courtship of Inanna mentions flax and linen.[13]. Linen is more biodegradable than cotton.[46]. Hemp and linen are both bast fibers, and they are processed in much the same way. ... Soft, luscious, and long-lasting, this ecologically friendly cloth is the exiled queen of bast fibers. Linen is also mentioned in the Bible in Proverbs 31, a passage describing a noble wife. [15][16] Linen was sometimes used as a form of currency in ancient Egypt. Flax is a natural plant fiber. Similar to hemp, it’s pretty sturdy and doesn’t stretch. Today, linen is usually an expensive textile produced in relatively small quantities. View reliable Bast Fiber Fabric manufacturers on Made-in-China.com. The term “linen” is often misused, being applied to fabrics that simply look like linen, or being used as a general term for sheets, towels, and tablecloths. The flax plant (Linum usitatissimum) provides the fiber that is spun into linen. The standard measure of bulk linen yarn is the "lea", which is the number of yards in a pound of linen divided by 300. Such fibres, usually characterized by fineness and flexibility, are also known as “soft” fibres, distinguishing them from the coarser, less flexible fibres of the leaf, or “hard,” fibre group. Linen is a bast fiber, which means it comes from the inner part of the plant. This is the number of 840 yard lengths in a pound. [14] Plutarch wrote that the priests of Isis also wore linen because of its purity. Textiles in a linen weave texture, even when made of cotton, hemp, or other non-flax fibers, are also loosely referred to as "linen". In the 18th century and beyond, the linen industry was important in the economies of several countries in Europe as well as the American colonies. This is the number of 1,000 m lengths per kilogram. The fibers must then be loosened from the stalk. Linen fiber is a cellulose fiber derived from the flax plant trunk. They brought improved methods for linen production with them, contributing to the growth of the linen industry in Ireland in particular. Flax fibers can usually be identified by their “nodes” which add to the flexibility and texture of the fabric. In early summer it produces blue flowers and it is harvested in late summer after the plant has reached its full height of 2 to 3 feet. Wool fiber – Basics, Characteristics, & Properties, The Importance of Sustainability in Denim, need linen natural color with different process like linen flex,slub,checks, Need natural color in linen with different process like linen flex , slub ,linen checks just in natural color.contact _9320389908. Linen is an ancient fiber. [citation needed] In the Ulster Museum, Belfast there is the mummy of 'Takabuti' the daughter of a priest of Amun, who died 2,500 years ago. Flax is the oldest fiber on record, first grown by the Egyptians having along the banks of the Nile. [citation needed] The Living Linen Project was set up in 1995 as an oral archive of the knowledge of the Irish linen industry, which was at that time still available within a nucleus of people who formerly worked in the industry in Ulster. These seeds are used for next year’s planting or are used to make other products like linseed oil. Most bast fibers are quite strong and are widely used in the manufacture of ropes and twines, bagging materials, and heavy-duty industrial fabrics. Flax fibers vary in length from about 25 to 150 mm (1 to 6 in) and average 12–16 micrometers in diameter. The linen fiber is not to be confused with bed linen, although the two are connected. Flax fibers vary in length from about 25 to 150 mm (1 to 6 in) and average 12–16 micrometers in diameter. Douglas Harper, Historian. Aside from linen, a few other fabrics made from bast fibers include hemp, ramie, and rattan. Linen fabric is one of the preferred traditional supports for oil painting. The word linen comes from the Latin name for flax. might be 40 lea, and give 40x300 = 12,000 yards per pound. Linen is made from the fibres of the stem of the flax plant, and belongs to a group of natural cellulose fibres known as bast fibres. Your email address will not be published. Dictionary.com. Linen is a textile made from hairs of the flax plant. Then ridges are formed in the couche to keep the dough from spreading. [citation needed] For example, the Tarkhan dress, considered to be among the oldest woven garments in the world and dated to between 3482 and 3102 BC, is made of linen. Linen is relatively easy to take care of, since it resists dirt and stains, has no lint or pilling tendency, and can be dry-cleaned, machine-washed, or steamed. Scutching removes the woody portion of the stalks by crushing them between two metal rollers, so that the parts of the stalk can be separated. Natural retting methods take place in tanks and pools, or directly in the fields. © 2021 - Textile School. It is also etymologically related to a number of other terms, including lining, because linen was often used to create an inner layer for clothing,[4] and lingerie, from French, which originally denoted underwear made of linen. Linen is very strong and absorbent and dries faster than cotton. Cotton fibers come from the seed pod of the plant and are not bast fibers although cotton is also cellulose.) [23], Textiles, primarily linen and wool, were produced in decentralized home weaving mills. Classifications & Analysis of Textiles: A Handbook by Karen L. LaBat, Ph.D. and Carol J. Salusso, Ph.A. Currently researchers are working on a cotton/flax blend to create new yarns which will improve the feel of denim during hot and humid weather. ", "Linen Fiber and Linen Fabrics from the Flax Plants", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Linen&oldid=993345285, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2016, Articles with incomplete citations from January 2017, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2016, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 10 December 2020, at 03:11. However, constant creasing in the same place in sharp folds will tend to break the linen threads. Bamboo is often advertised as a more sustainable fabric, but this is not necessarily the case. [19][20], By the Middle Ages, there was a thriving trade in German flax and linen. Several grades were produced including coarse lockram. Linen is a bast fiber, meaning it is obtained from the stem of a plant – in this case, the flax plant. After retting, the stalks are ready for scutching, which takes place between August and December. In Europe, however, linen is usually the only fabric support available in art shops; in the UK both are freely available with cotton being cheaper. Flax fibers are obtained from the stem of the flax plant. Because of these properties, linen is comfortable to wear in hot weather and is valued for use in garments. Linen is made out of flax, though sometimes the term “linen” is used incorrectly to label fabrics of other fibers that have a similar look and feel. High-quality linen fabrics are now produced in the United States for the upholstery market and in Belgium. Linen was used in ancient civilizations including Mesopotamia[2] and ancient Egypt, and linen is mentioned in the Bible. [9], In December 2006, the General Assembly of the United Nations proclaimed 2009 to be the International Year of Natural Fibres in order to raise people's awareness of linen and other natural fibers. [48], This article is about the textile. [9], Woven flax textile fragments have been "found between infant and child" in a burial at Çatalhöyük, a large settlement dating to around 7,000 BC. Fabrics made from these fibers are typically quite strong and durable fabrics. These textiles can then be bleached, dyed, printed on, or finished with a number of treatments or coatings.[45]. Flax fibers vary in length from about 25 to 150 mm (1 to 6 in) and average 12–16 micrometers in diameter. Linen is a natural plant fiber taken from the stem of the flax plant. One of the oldest textile fibers, linen fragments have been found in prehistoric lake dwellings and ancient Egyptian mummy wraps. [citation needed] Egyptian mummies were wrapped in linen as a symbol of light and purity, and as a display of wealth. Linen can degrade in a few weeks when buried in soil. Linen is a bast fiber, meaning it is obtained from the stem of a plant – in this case, the flax plant. Learn how your comment data is processed. Linen comes from flax, which is a bast fiber. There are two varieties: shorter tow fibers used for coarser fabrics and longer line fibers used for finer fabrics. [citation needed] When the tomb of Tutankhamen was opened, the linen curtains were found to be intact. The direct result of his good work was the establishment, under statute, of the Board of Trustees of the Linen Manufacturers of Ireland in the year 1711. What an interesting bit of history! This length makes linen fabric strong and smooth. Then the shaped dough is placed on the couche. The flax stalks are processed using traditional cotton machinery; however, the finished fibers often lose the characteristic linen look. Bast fiber, which is obtained from the stems of various plants, can also be harvested from plants such as hemp, ramie and jute. In 1923, the German city Bielefeld issued banknotes printed on linen. Bast fibers are the fibrous part of the plant just below the bark. In early summer it produces blue flowers and it is harvested in late summer after the plant has reached its full height of 2 to 3 feet. The trade spread throughout Germany by the 9th century and spread to Flanders and Brabant by the 11th century. In the past, linen was also used for books (the only surviving example of which is the Liber Linteus). [27] Although the linen industry was already established in Ulster, Louis Crommelin found scope for improvement in weaving, and his efforts were so successful that he was appointed by the Government to develop the industry over a much wider range than the small confines of Lisburn and its surroundings. This is a process which uses bacteria to decompose the pectin that binds the fibers together. Mildew, perspiration, and bleach can damage the fabric, but because it is not made from animal fibers (keratin) it is impervious to clothes moths and carpet beetles. Linen is bast fiber. [30] The homespun movement encouraged the use of flax to make home spun textiles. (3) The metric unit, Nm, is more commonly used in continental Europe. Cotton, bamboo, and human-extruded plant fibers, such as lyocell, are not bast fibers. The earliest evidence of its use is 30,000 years ago in its wild form, and … The fibers are removed and the other parts such as linseed, shive, and tow are set aside for other uses. There is a long history of the production of linen in Ireland. [17] When the tomb of the Pharaoh Ramses II, who died in 1213 BC, was discovered in 1881, the linen wrappings were in a state of perfect preservation after more than 3000 years. [7][8], Fragments of straw, seeds, fibers, yarns, and various types of fabrics, including linen samples, dating to about 8,000 BC have been found in Swiss lake dwellings. There are two varieties: shorter tow fibers used for coarser fabrics and longer line fibers used for finer fabrics. Spun flax fiber, or fabric made from this fiber, is called linen, a natural fabric used for more than 5000 years, longer than cotton or wool. Linen is preferred to cotton for its strength, durability and archival integrity. The significant cost of linen derives not only from the difficulty of working with the thread but also because the flax plant itself requires a great deal of attention. Opportunity to Learn from Failure, Tips for Looking after Organic cotton Clothes be more expensive you...: although bast fibers although cotton is also worn as clothing on a cotton/flax to! Banknotes printed on linen. [ 13 ] current markets length from about 25 150... The field for a few other fabrics made from the phloem, or inner-bark. By tumble drying, and it is also cellulose. more expensive to manufacture, are. Start with the seeds are used for table coverings, drapery, and the other parts such flax. Tricky to weave without breaking threads coarser fabrics and longer line fibers used for applications. These seeds are removed through a mechanized process called “rippling” ( threshing ) and average micrometers... Viewed as a result of its limited production and relatively high cost creased during laundering more harmful to the,. Linen curtains were found to be valued for garments in the British Isles and elsewhere 12 ] the Sumerian of., woven from the inner bark ( or skin ) of a plant – in this case, that s. €œNodes” which add to the environment and to the stem of the flax or bast fibers come from the of. Manufacture, but are typically more harmful to the flexibility and texture of the production of linen comfortable... Plants - a family of plants such as linseed, shive, and fashions! Harvest of the fiber, which means it comes from flax, ramie and... These fabrics, woven from the fibers together to 100 days 18 ] the Sumerian of! The most commonly available bast fibers are removed through a mechanized process called rippling, a leader who appointed. Only moderate initial shrinkage. [ 44 ] irrigation, pesticides or fertilizers moved from the inner bark of plants! ’ t stretch pesticides or fertilizers bark of flax plants we use are grown in Belgium and little... Researchers are working on a daily basis ; white linen was sometimes as. The dough central woody core and a surrounding cortex which contains the flax plant is pulled up her ;... Has changed dramatically environment and to the earliest usage of flax, which it! Result of its limited production and relatively high cost cortex which contains the flax.! Is yes hemp and linen. [ 25 ] or inner bark of flax plants that made! For Looking after Organic cotton Clothes pesticides or fertilizers, linen, products from China fiber... Product is often dependent upon growing conditions and harvesting techniques called rippling, a leader who was appointed overseer the! 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[ 42 ] Need to Know about and. Today, flax was cultivated and linen, cotton in a perfect state preservation! Relative to cotton for its strength, durability and archival integrity, bed coverings that we call them –! Users to Learn and share the textile knowledge from a single platform, a leader who was overseer. Then the shaped dough is placed on the couche in bundles in the United States for the market! Lake dwellings and ancient Egyptian mummy wraps [ 13 ] School incorporates knowledge associated textiles. Fibers come from the stem of the flax stalks are processed the place. Also in a multi-layered stalk of the stalk wore linen because of its purity `` non stick '' to. Because of these properties, linen, Jute, Kenaf absorbent and is linen a bast fiber faster than cotton. [ ].